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Global Immunization Stagnation: WHO And UNICEF Raise Alarms Over Unvaccinated Children

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Global Immunization Stagnation: WHO And UNICEF Raise Alarms Over Unvaccinated Children

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) have raised serious concerns over the stagnation in global immunization coverage since 2022, which has failed to return to pre-pandemic levels. In a newly published report, these global bodies highlight that approximately 2.7 million children remain un- or under-vaccinated, a situation that demands urgent global attention.

According to the latest WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (WUENIC), the number of children receiving three doses of the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) vaccine—a key indicator of immunization coverage—has remained stagnant at 84 percent, covering 108 million children in 2023. Alarmingly, the number of children who did not receive a single dose of the DTP vaccine rose from 13.9 million in 2022 to 14.5 million in 2023.

The report underscores that more than half of the unvaccinated children live in fragile and conflict-affected countries where access to essential healthcare, nutrition, and security is severely limited, leaving them highly vulnerable to preventable diseases.

Catherine Russell, Executive Director of UNICEF, emphasized the need for a coordinated global effort to bridge the immunization gap. “The latest trends demonstrate that many countries continue to miss far too many children. Closing the immunization gap requires a global effort, with governments, partners, and local leaders investing in primary healthcare and community workers to ensure every child gets vaccinated and that overall healthcare is strengthened,” she stated.

The report also highlights a worrying resurgence of measles outbreaks. In 2023, global measles vaccination rates fell short of the 95 percent coverage needed for elimination, with only 83 percent of children receiving their
first dose and 74 percent receiving their second dose. This left a significant gap in protection against outbreaks, disease, and preventable deaths.

Between 2018 and 2023, 103 countries, accounting for about 75 percent of the global infant population, experienced measles outbreaks, largely attributed to vaccination coverage falling below 80 percent. In contrast, 91 countries with high measles vaccination coverage (above 80 percent) successfully avoided outbreaks, demonstrating the crucial
role of robust vaccine coverage.

WHO’s Director-General, Tedros Ghebreyesus, emphasized the urgency of addressing these gaps. “Measles outbreaks are the canary in the coal mine, exposing and exploiting gaps in immunization and hitting the most vulnerable first. This is a solvable problem. The measles vaccine is cheap and can be delivered even in the most difficult places. WHO is committed to working with all our partners to support countries to close these gaps and protect the most at-risk children as quickly as possible,” he asserted.

Despite the overall stagnation, the report also notes some encouraging trends. The phased introduction of new and underutilized vaccines, including those for human papillomavirus (HPV), meningitis, pneumococcal disease, polio, and rotavirus, is expanding the scope of protection, especially in the 57 countries receiving support from Gavi, the
Vaccine Alliance. Notably, the percentage of adolescent girls receiving at least one dose of the HPV vaccine, which protects against cervical cancer, increased from 20 percent in 2022 to 27 percent in 2023. This progress is attributed to successful implementation in countries like Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Nigeria, and the introduction of
a single-dose HPV vaccine schedule, which has contributed to the overall increase in coverage. Sania Nishtar, CEO of Gavi, highlighted the impact of these efforts.

“The HPV vaccine is one of the most impactful vaccines in Gavi’s portfolio, and it is incredibly heartening that it is now reaching more girls than ever. With vaccines now available to over 50 percent of eligible girls in African countries, we have much work to be done, but today, we can see we have a clear pathway to eliminating this terrible disease,” she said. Despite the progress, HPV vaccine coverage remains significantly short of the 90 percent target required to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health issue. High-income countries have a coverage rate of 56 percent, while in low- and middle-income countries, it stands at just 23 percent.

A recent poll of over 400,000 users on UNICEF’s U-Report platform revealed significant gaps in awareness, with 75 percent of respondents unaware or uncertain about HPV. However, when informed about the virus and its link to cancer, 52 percent expressed interest in receiving the vaccine. Financial constraints (cited by 41 percent) and lack of availability (34 percent) are major barriers to accessing the vaccine.

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Trump Proposes Five-Way Split of Childhood Vaccines

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Trump Congratulates UK’s Farage, Ignores Starmer

Trump Proposes Five-Way Split of Childhood Vaccines

 

President Donald Trump has proposed splitting some childhood vaccines into five separate doses administered six months apart, a plan that vaccine experts say could leave children inadequately protected if the individual doses contain too little vaccine.

 

Trump made the proposal on Friday while speaking about his administration’s plans to alter the United States childhood immunisation schedule.

 

He said children could receive doses labelled one through five, with each containing what he described as about 20 per cent of the usual amount.

 

“Instead of a child going in and having a tremendous amount of different vaccines pumped into a big proportion of the body … we’re going to recommend that they do five doses marked one, two, three, four, five and that they be given in six-month intervals,” Trump said.

 

Trump did not identify all the vaccines that would be affected. He specifically referred to the polio vaccine, which he described as having been “amazing”.

 

However, vaccine specialist Dr Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Centre at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, said the proposed approach would not provide the intended protection.

 

Offit explained that vaccines are developed through dose-response studies to determine the smallest quantity capable of producing a protective immune response.

 

“You don’t want to give too much, where you know you don’t need all that, and you don’t want to give too little,” he said.

 

He told CNN that administering vaccines at doses below the level required to generate an immune response could make them ineffective rather than safer.

 

Trump also linked the proposed changes to autism, saying he expected them to lead to a “massive reduction” in autism.

 

However, decades of scientific research have found no causal link between childhood vaccines and autism.

 

The President’s comments came amid broader efforts by his administration to alter federal childhood vaccination policy.

 

In August, Trump signed an executive order seeking changes to the childhood immunisation schedule, including separating the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine into individual shots.

 

The administration has argued that the changes would reduce the number of vaccines given to children and address concerns about the existing schedule.

 

Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who was with Trump as he outlined the proposal, has also backed changes to federal vaccine policy.

 

Kennedy spoke on Thursday at a conference organised by Children’s Health Defense, an organisation associated with vaccine scepticism.

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DRC gets 70,000 Ebola vaccine doses as trial targets Bundibugyo virus 

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WHO Releases New Guidelines for HIV Prevention

DRC gets 70,000 Ebola vaccine doses as trial targets Bundibugyo virus 

 

The Democratic Republic of Congo has received 70,000 doses of the Ervebo Ebola vaccine from the global vaccine stockpile as health authorities intensify efforts to contain an outbreak of Bundibugyo virus disease.

 

The doses were released by the International Coordinating Group on Vaccine Provision following a request from the DRC government last week.

 

The development comes amid uncertainty over the effectiveness of Ervebo against the Bundibugyo strain, which is different from the Zaire ebolavirus for which the vaccine was originally developed and licensed.

 

Of the 70,000 doses, 20,000 have been allocated for a Phase 3 clinical trial designed to assess the vaccine’s potential impact against the Bundibugyo virus, while 50,000 doses will be administered to frontline and health workers in line with recommendations from the World Health Organisation’s Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization.

 

The effectiveness of Ervebo against Bundibugyo virus in humans is currently unknown.

 

However, preliminary laboratory and animal studies have suggested that the vaccine could offer some protection, prompting researchers to investigate its potential through the clinical trial.

 

The trial is expected to generate evidence that could guide future decisions on the use of Ervebo in outbreaks involving the Bundibugyo strain.

 

Health authorities have also stressed the importance of informed consent, saying people offered the vaccine must be adequately informed about its potential risks, benefits and limitations in relation to the current outbreak.

 

The ICG is made up of the WHO, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Médecins Sans Frontières and UNICEF, while Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, funds the global vaccine stockpile.

 

The WHO and Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention welcomed the allocation, supporting the DRC’s efforts to protect affected communities and contain the outbreak through a community-led response.

 

Both organisations said they would continue to support the DRC government in protecting communities, saving lives and generating scientific evidence that could strengthen Africa’s preparedness for future viral outbreaks.

 

The Bundibugyo outbreak has renewed attention on the need for effective vaccines and rapid scientific responses to emerging infectious diseases, with the outcome of the DRC trial expected to provide important information for future outbreak control.

 

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Africa CDC, WHO demand urgent scale-up of DRC Ebola response

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WHO Releases New Guidelines for HIV Prevention

Africa CDC, WHO demand urgent scale-up of DRC Ebola response

 

The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organisation have called for an urgent scale-up of the community-led response to the Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

 

The organisations said the response must focus on early detection, contact tracing, access to treatment, protection of frontline health workers and faster deployment of resources to affected communities.

 

The call followed a joint high-level mission to Uganda and the DRC on August 4 and 5, led by the WHO Director-General, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus; Director-General of Africa CDC, Dr Jean Kaseya; and WHO Regional Director for Africa, Dr Mohamed Janabi.

 

The delegation visited Kampala, Bunia and Kinshasa, where it held discussions with government officials, response coordinators, health workers, community representatives and development partners.

 

In Uganda, the delegation commended the country for successfully containing local transmission after it declared the end of its outbreak on July 28.

 

Uganda recorded 20 confirmed cases and two deaths, while all identified contacts completed their follow-up.

 

The organisations said Uganda’s experience demonstrated the importance of early detection, rapid contact tracing, coordinated government action, community engagement and effective cross-border surveillance.

 

However, they warned that continued transmission in the DRC meant neighbouring countries remained at risk and should maintain surveillance, laboratory readiness and cross-border coordination.

 

The delegation subsequently travelled to Bunia, the epicentre of the outbreak in Ituri Province, where it met provincial authorities, health workers, community leaders and response partners.

 

It also visited the Rwangole Ebola Treatment Centre to assess its readiness to expand access to timely and quality care.

 

The delegation stressed that communities would play a central role in containing the outbreak, urging authorities to ensure that residents receive accurate information from trusted sources and can report suspected cases and seek treatment without fear.

 

It also identified community, religious, women and youth leaders as critical partners in building confidence and ensuring that response measures reflect local realities.

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