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From Front-Runner To Follower: Nigeria’s Economic Decline

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From Front-Runner To Follower: Nigeria's Economic Decline

In 1960, Nigeria’s GDP per capita exceeded China’s, indicating a lead in unit productivity and prosperity. However, by 1999, China’s GDP per capita had surpassed Nigeria’s, beginning a trend of increasing economic growth. Today, China is a global economic powerhouse, while Nigeria struggles to reclaim its lost lead. 

Nigeria and China share a similar history, with both countries gaining independence in the mid-20th century. However, their economic trajectories have diverged significantly. China’s economic reforms, implemented in 1978, prioritized innovation, education, and controlled population growth.

In contrast, Nigeria economic growth has been hindered by lack of strategic planning and implementation. 1999 marked a turning point in the economic fortunes of both nations. China’s

GDP per capita surpassed Nigeria’s, and the gap has continued to widen. Today, China’s GDP per capita stands at $24,558, while Nigeria’s is $6,318. China’s poverty rate has declined significantly, with less than 0.1% of the population living on less than $2.15 per day. 

In contrast, Nigeria’s poverty rate remains high, with 30.9% of the population living on less than $2.15 per day. China’s GDP growth rate has consistently outpaced Nigeria’s, with a growth rate of 6.1% in 2020 compared to Nigeria’s 1.9%. A key factor in China’s success has been its meritocratic system, which ensures that political leaders are well educated and experienced.

In contrast, only 42.9% of Nigerian presidents have completed a university education since 1960. China’s economic reforms have been driven by a focus on innovation, education, and controlled population growth. The country’s export led growth strategy and “Made in China 2025” initiative have positioned it as a leading global player in manufacturing. Indonesia’s success offers valuable lessons for Nigeria. 

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The country’s focus on manufacturing, investments in transportation and storage, and effective implementation and monitoring teams have driven its economic growth.

The Nigerian Economic Society’s economic dialogue offers a chance for Nigeria to reclaim its lost lead. Will the country take the cue and transition from participant to convener of a Forum on Nigeria-Africa Cooperation (FONAC) or Forum of Nigeria-Asia Cooperation (FONASC)?

Nigeria’s lost lead is a cautionary tale of how a country can fall behind due to lack of strategic planning and implementation. However, it is not too late for Nigeria to reclaim its lead. By learning from China’s and Indonesia’s success, Nigeria can drive its economic growth and reclaim its position as a leading economic power in Africa.

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Analysis

Why Plot Against Peter Obi Will Fail, by Boniface Ihiasota

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Why Plot Against Peter Obi Will Fail, by Boniface Ihiasota

 

From the diaspora, Nigeria’s political trajectory is often assessed with a mix of distance and clarity. The patterns are familiar—elite coalitions, shifting loyalties, and strategic calculations ahead of every electoral cycle. Yet, as the 2027 general elections begin to gather, one constant remains: the enduring relevance of Peter Obi. Despite recurring narratives about efforts to edge him out of contention, the structural and political realities suggest that such plots are unlikely to succeed.

 

A central reason lies in the nature of Obi’s political base. Unlike traditional candidates whose influence is tied to party machinery or regional kingmakers, Obi’s support cuts across demographics, particularly among young voters and urban professionals. This base, which gained visibility during the 2023 elections under the Labour Party, is not easily dismantled by conventional political maneuvering. It is decentralized, digitally connected, and ideologically driven—qualities that make it resilient in the face of elite opposition.

 

Looking ahead to 2027, this evolving voter bloc could become even more significant. Nigeria’s youth population continues to expand, and with it, a growing demand for governance defined by accountability and economic competence. Obi’s consistent messaging around prudent management of resources and institutional reforms positions him as a natural beneficiary of this demographic shift. Attempts to sideline him risk underestimating how deeply this sentiment has taken root, both within Nigeria and among its diaspora.

 

The diaspora itself remains a critical factor in shaping Obi’s political future. Nigerians abroad, many of whom actively supported his 2023 campaign, have sustained advocacy through funding, media engagement, and policy discourse. Their influence, amplified by digital platforms, has helped maintain Obi’s visibility beyond election cycles. As 2027 approaches, this network is likely to play an even more strategic role—not only in mobilization but also in shaping narratives that counter attempts to delegitimize his candidacy.

 

Equally important is the broader transformation within Nigeria’s political landscape. The 2023 contest, which featured Obi alongside Bola Tinubu and Atiku Abubakar, marked a departure from the long-standing dominance of two major parties. Obi’s performance challenged the assumption that electoral success must always flow through established structures. As political actors recalibrate for 2027, this disruption cannot be easily reversed. Any strategy aimed at marginalizing him must contend with an electorate that has already demonstrated a willingness to embrace alternatives.

 

Another reason such plots are likely to fail is Obi’s personal political brand. His tenure as governor of Anambra State continues to serve as a reference point for supporters who view him as disciplined and comparatively transparent.

 

While critics remain, his reputation has proven relatively durable in Nigeria’s often volatile political environment. This consistency makes it difficult for opponents to construct narratives that significantly erode his credibility ahead of another electoral cycle.

 

However, the road to 2027 is not without challenges. For Obi to convert goodwill into electoral victory, he will need to strengthen party structures, expand his reach in rural areas, and possibly build strategic alliances. Nigerian elections are not won on sentiment alone; they require organization, negotiation, and adaptability. The resilience of his support base does not eliminate the need for political pragmatism.

 

Yet, even these challenges reinforce the central argument: efforts to plot against Obi are unlikely to achieve their intended outcome because they often focus on the individual rather than the movement. What emerged in 2023 was not just a candidacy but a shift in political consciousness. That shift—driven by a demand for competence and accountability—has continued to evolve beyond the ballot.

 

In all, Obi’s prospects for 2027 will depend less on the success or failure of political plots and more on how effectively he harnesses the forces already working in his favor. For many in the diaspora, his continued relevance reflects a broader transformation within Nigeria’s democracy—one that is still unfolding, but increasingly difficult to reverse.

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Analysis

ADC and Its House of Confusion, by Alabidun Shuaib AbdulRahman

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ADC and Its House of Confusion, by Alabidun Shuaib AbdulRahman

 

In the space of a few days, the African Democratic Congress, ADC has managed to compress into itself the full drama of Nigeria’s party politics involving elite bargaining, judicial intervention, strategic defections, and the ever-present shadow of electoral deadlines. What should have been a defining moment for a party positioning itself as the nucleus of a broad opposition coalition ahead of 2027 has instead become a study in instability. The ADC today is not merely in crisis; it is in a state of suspended legitimacy.

 

The roots of the present turmoil can be traced to the ambitious political engineering that began in 2025, when the party’s founding leadership led by Ralph Okey Nwosu ceded control to a new power bloc designed to attract heavyweight politicians across party lines. The arrangement brought in former Senate President, David Mark as National Chairman and former Osun State governor, Rauf Aregbesola as National Secretary. The idea was straightforward: rebrand the ADC into a credible “third force” capable of uniting disparate opposition figures, including former Anambra State governor and the Labour Party presidential candidate in 2023, Peter Obi, ex-Kaduna governor Nasir El-Rufai, and other influential actors disenchanted with both the ruling party and the existing opposition structure.

 

For a brief moment, the strategy appeared to be working. Meetings were held in Abuja and Lagos throughout late 2025 and early 2026, with coalition talks reportedly involving figures such as former Rivers State governor, Rotimi Amaechi, former Sokoto State governor, Aminu Tambuwal, and ex-Senate President, Bukola Saraki. Though not all formally joined the ADC, the party became the focal point of negotiations around a possible mega opposition platform. The optics alone elevated its status in national discourse.

 

But coalition politics in Nigeria has a well-documented vulnerability: it often prioritises elite consensus over institutional clarity. The ADC’s leadership transition, while politically expedient, lacked the procedural rigour necessary to withstand internal contestation. Almost immediately, dissenting voices within the party began to question the legality of the handover, arguing that due process as stipulated in the party constitution had not been fully observed.

 

This internal disagreement escalated into litigation, with factions approaching the Federal High Court in Abuja to challenge the legitimacy of the Mark-led leadership. The situation became more complicated when conflicting orders emerged from different courts, a familiar pattern in Nigeria’s political jurisprudence. At one point, a Court of Appeal ruling imposed a “status quo ante bellum” order, effectively freezing the leadership structure as it existed before the contested transition.

 

That order, however, did not settle the matter; it deepened the confusion. Both factions interpreted the ruling in ways that favoured their positions, leading to parallel claims of authority. Party activities slowed to a near halt, as uncertainty over who legitimately controlled the ADC made it difficult to convene meetings, conduct congresses, or engage meaningfully with the Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC.

 

The turning point, if it can be called that, came on April 30, 2026, when the Supreme Court intervened. In a judgment delivered in Abuja, the apex court set aside the Court of Appeal’s status quo order and directed that the substantive case be returned to the Federal High Court for determination. The ruling was immediately seized upon by the Mark-Aregbesola faction as validation of their leadership, while their opponents insisted that the court had merely removed an interim order without deciding the core issue.

 

Legally, as a Lawyer friend argued, the latter interpretation is closer to the truth. The Supreme Court did not pronounce on who leads the ADC; it addressed only a procedural question. By vacating the preservative order, it reopened the space for the Mark-led executives to function, but it left the substantive dispute unresolved. In practical terms, the party now operates in a grey zone, neither fully validated nor definitively invalidated.

 

This ambiguity could not have come at a worse time. Nigeria’s electoral cycle, though seemingly distant from 2027, is already in motion. The Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC requires political parties to adhere to strict timelines, beginning with the submission of updated membership registers and culminating in the nomination of candidates. While INEC has yet to release the full timetable for the 2027 general elections, precedents from previous cycles indicate that primaries and candidate submissions typically occur at least a year before the polls.

 

Under the Electoral Act 2022, particularly Sections 29 and 84, parties must conduct primaries within specified windows and submit their candidates within deadlines that are not subject to extension. Any irregularity in the process, especially one arising from disputes over party leadership can render a candidate’s nomination invalid. Nigerian courts have consistently upheld this principle, as seen in cases involving Zamfara and Rivers states in previous election cycles, where parties lost entire slates of candidates due to procedural defects.

 

For the ADC, this legal framework presents an existential risk. If the leadership question remains unresolved by the time primaries are due, any exercise conducted by one faction could be challenged by another, leading to protracted litigation that may ultimately disqualify the party from fielding candidates in key elections. This is not a theoretical concern; it is a scenario with ample precedent in Nigeria’s electoral history.

 

Meanwhile, the political consequences of the crisis are beginning to manifest. High-profile figures who had been linked to the ADC are reportedly reconsidering their options. Peter Obi, whose 2023 presidential bid galvanised a significant youth following, has been cautious in his engagement with the party, mindful of the legal uncertainties. Similarly, Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso and some political bigwigs seen as potential power brokers in any opposition coalition are said to be weighing alternative platforms should the ADC fail to stabilise.

 

The logic behind these recalibrations is straightforward. Political heavyweights require not just a platform, but a secure one. A party entangled in litigation cannot guarantee ticket security, campaign coherence, or post-election legitimacy. In a system where court judgments often determine electoral outcomes, legal vulnerability is a liability no serious contender can afford.

 

The irony is that the ADC’s crisis is largely self-inflicted. In its bid to rapidly transform into a coalition platform, it overlooked the slow, painstaking work of institution-building. The absorption of powerful figures was not matched by the creation of mechanisms to manage their competing ambitions. Nor was there sufficient attention to aligning the party’s constitutional framework with the new political realities. The result is a structure that is expansive in ambition but weak in cohesion.

 

There is also a deeper structural issue at play: the tendency of Nigerian political actors to resort to the courts as the first line of dispute resolution. While judicial intervention is essential in a constitutional democracy, its overuse in intra-party conflicts often leads to prolonged uncertainty. Courts are bound by procedure and timelines that do not always align with the urgency of political processes. As the ADC is now discovering, a case can move through multiple judicial layers without delivering the kind of decisive clarity required for political stability.

 

Yet, it would be premature to write off the party entirely. The ADC still possesses assets that many smaller parties lack: national visibility, a growing network of political actors, and a narrative that resonates with voters seeking alternatives. If it can resolve its leadership dispute quickly, either through judicial determination or political compromise, it may yet reclaim its position as a viable opposition platform.

 

Such a resolution, however, will require more than legal victories. It will demand a conscious effort to rebuild trust within the party, clarify its organisational structure, and establish transparent processes for decision-making. The ambitions of key stakeholders such as Atiku Abubakar, Abubakar Malami, Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso, Rotimi Amaechi, Peter Obi, Nasir El-Rufai, and others must be reconciled within a framework that prioritises institutional stability over individual advantage.

 

The stakes are high, not just for the ADC but for Nigeria’s democratic trajectory. A fragmented opposition benefits the incumbent by default, reducing electoral competition and limiting voter choice. Conversely, a cohesive and credible alternative can energise the political landscape, introduce new ideas, and enhance accountability.

 

As things stand, the ADC is at a crossroads. One path leads to consolidation and relevance; the other to fragmentation and irrelevance. The difference between the two will be determined in the coming months, as court proceedings continue and political actors make strategic decisions about their futures.

 

For now, the party remains what it has become over the past few days, ‘a house of confusion’, where legal uncertainty, political ambition, and institutional weakness collide. Whether it can transform that confusion into clarity will not only shape its own destiny but also influence the contours of the 2027 general elections and the balance of power that emerges in their aftermath.

 

Alabidun is a media practitioner and can be reached via alabidungoldenson@gmail.com

 

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Diaspora

POLITICS

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POLITICS

Fifteen foreign nationals deported from the United States, mostly believed to be South Americans, have arrived in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) under a temporary hosting arrangement that is already drawing international attention and debate over migration policy and diplomatic cooperation.

The deportees landed at N’djili International Airport in Kinshasa in the early hours of Friday, according to airport sources who confirmed that the group was largely made up of Colombian and Peruvian nationals.

The arrangement marks the first known batch of deportees sent to the Central African nation under a broader US policy of relocating “third-country migrants”,  individuals returned to a country that is neither their origin nor initial destination.

A Congolese government source said the individuals were admitted under short-stay permits and in line with national immigration laws governing the entry and residence of foreigners.

However, authorities stressed that the arrangement is strictly temporary. “The individuals concerned are admitted to the national territory under short-stay permits, in accordance with national legislation concerning the entry and residence of foreigners,” the government stated, while offering no additional details about the identities or conditions of the deportees.

Kinshasa had earlier defended its decision to participate in the arrangement, describing it as consistent with its commitment to human dignity, migrant protection, and international solidarity.

Officials were quick to clarify, however, that the agreement should not be interpreted as a long-term relocation scheme or a form of outsourced migration control.

The United States, under its ongoing immigration enforcement policy, has expanded the practice of transferring deportees to third countries. Similar arrangements have reportedly been made with Ghana, South Sudan, and Eswatini, as Washington intensifies its crackdown on irregular migration.

Although the US State Department declined to comment on specific diplomatic communications with partner countries, it reaffirmed the administration’s hardline stance.

The department said the government remains “unwavering in its commitment to end illegal and mass immigration and bolster America’s border security.”

A minority report from the US Senate Foreign Relations Committee further suggested that the administration may have spent more than $40 million on third-country deportations up to January 2026, though officials concede that the full cost remains unclear.

The report also indicated that over $32 million had been directly disbursed to several partner countries, including Equatorial Guinea, Rwanda, El Salvador, Eswatini, and Palau.

Beyond immigration cooperation, the development comes at a time of deepening US engagement in the DRC over strategic mineral resources.

Washington is reportedly negotiating access to the country’s vast reserves of cobalt, lithium, tantalum, and copper,  minerals critical to global technology and energy industries.

The arrangement also coincides with renewed diplomatic efforts aimed at stabilizing eastern Congo, where conflict involving the Rwanda-backed M23 rebel group continues to threaten regional peace.

Following recent talks mediated by the United States and Qatar in Switzerland, both the Congolese government and rebel representatives agreed on measures including humanitarian access, civilian protection, and steps toward a monitored ceasefire.

Despite these diplomatic advances, tensions remain high.

Rwanda has repeatedly denied allegations of supporting the M23 rebels, insisting instead that its military posture is defensive in nature and aimed at countering security threats from armed groups operating within Congolese territory.

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